Successes Of The Third Crusade - 1339 Words

Successes of the Third Crusade Bryce Murzyn Mrs. Carrol MYP World History Period 1 4/23/17 Word Count: 1108 Table of contents Page Identification and Evaluation of Sources . . . . . . . . 1 Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 3 End Notes . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Identification and Evaluation of Sources This investigation attempts to answer the question, what were the successes of the Third Crusade? The question is relevant or important because it focusses on the next unit and involves religious conflicts. The subtopic that will be addressed are Islamic influences on this Crusade.†¦show more content†¦The origin of this source is also a book, Warriors of Christendom, published in the UK by John Matthews and Bob Stewart in 1988. The purpose of this book is informational only and is about the leaders of that time. The value of this book is that it provides information on the major leader King Richard as well as his role in the Third Crusade. This book has all its sections accompanied by a bibliography but does not use the format of in text citations. It does have a balanced view on the topic and talks about the strengths and weaknesses of King Richard. The limitation of this book would be that it is a little bit dated but not long enough for it to affect the information. 1 Investigation The third crusade started in 1189 and its main goal was to recapture the Holy land. Its successes, both Christian and Muslim, are still reviewed to this day. The crusade consisted of three major monarchs: Emperor Barbarossa of the Holy Roman empire, King Richard of England, and King Philip of France. They all had one common goal and it was to set out and recapture the Holy land from Saladin. This crusade began in 1189 and would last for three years. With the Muslims, under the leadership of Saladin, recently taking control of Jerusalem from the Christians in 1187, they now owned a region that many wanted. Although Saladin did successfully protect Jerusalem from invaders, the Christian attackers were successful inShow MoreRelatedThe Crusades Were A Series Of Sacred Wars1645 Words   |  7 PagesJamie K. Okoli Western Tradition 11/20/16 The Crusades were a series of sacred wars pronounced by popes with the guarantee of indulgences for the individuals who battled in them and coordinated against outside and inward foes of Christendom for the recuperation of Christian property or with regards to the Church or Christian individuals. Crusades were described as the taking of promises and the conceding of indulgences to the individuals who partook in it. Similar to going on pilgrimages, whichRead MoreWere the Crusades Successful?1472 Words   |  6 PagesWere the Crusades Successful? 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The Hunger Games-Lessons Learned Free Essays

The Hunger Games was about the importance of keeping your identity when you are fighting for your life. This theme made me question myself on what I would do under the same circumstances. Wicked I fight for my life given the situation? Wicked I do whatever it takes to stay alive even if it meant committing murder? Wicked I be able to keep my self-worth and morals during this, or would I Just lose myself along the way? PETA Mallard and Catkins Evergreen both had to make these hard-hitting decisions hen they were forced to compete in the reality TV show The Hunger Games, where there is only one rule: kill or be killed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games-Lessons Learned or any similar topic only for you Order Now PETA and Catkins are both from District 12 where they are exposed to starvation, war, violence and poverty. Panel is divided up into 12 districts where they are ruled under the Capitol. The Capitol is where all of the powerful and wealthy live, enforcing harsh laws to the 12 districts. Because of this society, they have been conditioned to know that no matter what you are doing you still need to maintain your pride. PETA however, is different. Past competitors have done anything in their power to stay alive, but PETA believes that when he dies he shall still have his dignity with him. â€Å"l could think of a way to show the Capitol they don’t own me. That I’m more than Just a piece in their games. † This quote by PETA shows that while others around him will do anything to survive, he will still think straight and die as himself. Throughout the book, Catkins is constantly struggling to find herself. â€Å"I’m not really sure who I am, what my identity is. This idea scares me some. † Catkins doesn’t get attached to people easily, she is hot tempered, feisty and independent. The result of Catkins’ quest to find herself, was her recognizing her hatred for the Capitol. When her ally Rue was killed, she covered her body in flowers and sung to her. This was considered an act of rebellion, because although she was doing what she thought was right, she was only going against the Capitol’s ways. Also, at the end of the games, PETA and Catkins refused to kill each other by faking a bubble suicide attempt. They both wanted to live and die as themselves and preserved their dignity, even when others cracked under the pressure. In The Hunger Games, Catkins and PETA stood up for what they believed in. Instead of Just acknowledging the injustice they were faced with, they started a rebellion by doing what they thought was the correct thing. This book taught me to stay true to who you are no matter how drastic the situation, and to fight for my values and morals. How to cite The Hunger Games-Lessons Learned, Papers

Law and Business Partnership Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Whether there exist a partnership amid Steve, Joe and Mike? Answer: Applicable law When people want to operate their business then there are various kinds of business structures that are available. The same are sole trader ship, partnership and a company. When the business is carried out by an individual without the involvement of any other person and he is the sole controller of the business then it is a sole trader ship. When the business is carried out by registering the business as per the guidelines of the revenant statutory legislation, then, a company is formed which has the separate legal entity in the eyes of law. (KLManagement, 2017) There is yet another kind of business entity that can be established by the people in order to run their business and is called partnership. A partnership is such kind of business structure which is framed when there are two or more than two persons (maximum number of persons to establish a partnership are twenty) who intends to carry out business in a continuous manner with a common intention and with the sole object to earn profits and share profits. A partnership is a business which runs on the principle of agency and where the partners are considered to be the agents of the firm. Thelaw of agency signifies that the partners are the representators of each other and the firm and vice versa. Thus, the acts of the partners are enough to bind all the other partners and the firm, provided, the acts which are undertaken by the partners are within their authority (TheLaw Teacher, 2017). In Alagappa Chettiar v Coliseum Caf [1962] it was held that a partnership firm does not have a separate legal existence like a company and thus the acts of the partners or the firm will bind the other partners for the acts which are carried on within the authority of the partners. (LawNotes, 2010) Thus, in order to consider any relationship into a partnership the main essential ingredients that are required are submitted herein under: Number of persons A single person cannot operate a business in the form of partnership. Thus, in order to establish a business structure in the form of a partnership the minimum numbers of person that are required are two and the maximum number of persons who can frame a partnership are twenty. Only two or more than two persons must be required in order to operate the business in the form of partnership. No single person make a partnership. it was held in Soh Hood Beng v Khoo Chye Neo (1897) that an organization with more than twenty persons cannot be termed as a partnership organization. Preparation of partnership business is not an act of partnership and is held in Spicer (Keith) Ltd v Mansell [1970]. The court submitted that it is necessary that there must be carrying of business in order to constitute a partnership. mere preparation will not makes the transaction as an act of partnership. Business of continuous nature - When the partnership needs to be established then it is necessary that all the partners must have establish the partnership for a business structure which must be of continuous nature and is held in Smith v Anderson (1880). By continuous nature does not means that the business must be for a prolonged period of time. It is held in Re Griffin; Ex parte Board of Trade (1890) that a partnership must be established for single transition, however, it is necessary that there must be continuity of the acts and the transaction must be accomplished. In the leading case of Canny Gabriel Castle Jackson Advertising Pty Ltd v Volume Sales (Finance) Pty Ltd (1974) the partnership is established amid the partners for the accomplishment of a single transaction and the court held that the relationship is of continuous nature and thus there is presence of partnership amid the people. Common intention When the business is carried out then in order to consider the same as a partnership it is necessary that the all persons or partners must have common intention to carry out the tasks in the form of partnership. Common intention signifies that all the persons intend to abide by the acts or omissions jointly and severally of all the partners. All the partners must be carrying out the business activity with the main intent to be acting like partners. Thus, presence of common intention is very significant in order to consider any relationship as a partnership and is held in Lang v James Morrison Co Ltd (1912). Main aim to earn profits It is necessary that in order to consider any relationship as a partnership relationship it is necessary that the partner must intend to share the profits or the losses either equally or as per the ratio that is mutually decided by the parties. Sharing of profits and the losses is very important in order to consider any business establishment as partnership and is rightly held in Smith in Mollowo, March Co v Court of Wards (1872). Once all the elements are comply with then the business structure is considered to be partnership and the persons who are associated with such business structure are considered to be the partners of each other and thus share the relationship of an agency. All the partners are liable for the acts of each other and the acts of the firm and vice versa. Thelaw is now plied to the facts of the case. Application of law As per the facts, Steve in October 2014 has bought a horse Lighting Spirit from the breeder for RM3000,000 and the horse showed great strength. The horse was only 6 months old. But, Steve is in need of more funds in order to breed the horse and to train him. Steve met Joe and Mike and told them that he is in need of funds and how strong the horse is and how much potential the horse has. Joe and Mike are found to be interested in the venture of Steve. The main terms that are decided amid Steve, Joe and Mike are: Both Joe and Mike would each pay RM 200,000 as 1/3rd share in the Lighting spirit; Steve would train the horse and will not take any compensation for the same; The training will be provided on the farm of Joe without any charge; Mike will look for jockeys; All issues will be deiced by majority; Price money will be used to pay for the expenses. In 2016, the shores will be sold and the profits will be shared equally. All the conditions are settled amid the parties orally. In 2016, the horse is sold for RM2.4 million and the profits are shared. It is submitted that all the three, Steve, Mike and Joe are in the relationship of a partnership mainly because: The relationship is amid three persons, that is, Joe , Mike and Steve and thus they are more than two persons and thus they comply with the first requirement of partnership; There all are not at the preparation stage of partnership, rather, all the three has indulged themselves in the acts of the business of the partnership, for instance, Steve had given training to the horse, Joe has provided his farm and Mike has arranged for the jockey and all the tasks are duly performed by all the three; The acts that are undertaken by Joe, Mike and Steve though is the part of the single transaction, however, it is considered to be an act of a continues nature and thus comply with the continues requirement of the partnership. continuity of the business is not always essential to establish a partnership and is rightly held in Canny Gabriel Castle Jackson Advertising Pty Ltd v Volume Sales (Finance) Pty Ltd (1974); All the three persons, that is, Joe, Mike and Steve, have common intention to pursue the transaction they are indulged int. The main intention of all the three persons is to train the horse and to gain maximum out of the same after selling it at the end of 2016. The intention is static and common in order to pursue one common objective of haring profits; All the three Steve, Joe and Mike has ultimately shared the profits that they have gained after selling the horse in 2016 end. Thus, one the most essential criteria of partnership, is to carry out transaction with the aim ;to earn profits and share losses is met by Steve, Mike and Joe. Thus, all the elements that are required in order to comply to establish a partnership is met by Steve, Mike, and Joe. It does nit make any difference that Steve has not disclosed the true investment made by him while purchasing the horse. Steve has spend RM 3000,000 where as he disclosed that the horse is purchased by him of RM 6000,000 as both Joe and Mike has contributed RM 2000,000 each as the cost of horse (1/3rd as part of their share). The disclosure is not relevant as the same was not part of the partnership and is an act that is taken by Steve before the establishment of the partnership amid the tree. Conclusion Thus, it is concluded that there exits a partnership amid Steve, Joe and Mike as all the elements that are required to establish a partnership amid them exits. Thus, there is presence of partnership relationship amid all the three as they have entered into a single transaction of continuous nature with the main aim to earn profits. References Case laws Alagappa Chettiar v Coliseum Caf [1962] MLJ 111. Canny Gabriel Castle Jackson Advertising Pty Ltd v Volume Sales (Finance) Pty Ltd (1974) 131 CLR 321 Lang v James Morrison Co Ltd (1912) 13 CLR 1. Re Griffin; Ex parte Board of Trade (1890) 60 LJQB 235 Spicer (Keith) Ltd v Mansell [1970] 1 All ER 462 Soh Hood Beng v Khoo Chye Neo (1897) 4 SSLR 115. Smith v Anderson (1880) 15 Ch D 247 Smith in Mollowo, March Co v Court of Wards (1872) LR 4 PC 419 Online Material KLManagement (2017) Type of Business entities in Malaysis (online). Available at: https://www.klmanagement.com.my/blog/type-of-business-entities-in-malaysia/. (Accessed on 22nd October 2017). LawNotes (2010) partnership (online). Available at: https://graguraman1.blogspot.in/2010/07/partnership-law-346.html. (Accessed on 22nd October 2017). The Law Teacher (2017) Partnerships One Of More Common Modes Of Business Operation In Malaysia (online). Available at: https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/company-law/partnerships-one-of-more-common-modes-of-business-operation-in-malaysia-company-law-essay.php. (Accessed on 22nd October 2017).

Nathaniel Christian O. Tan Essays - , Term Papers

Nathaniel Christian O. Tan Mr. Ben Josephson Grade 10 English March 26, 2017 Ode to a Skylark: Commentary on the First Five Stanzas In "To a Skylark," Percy Shelley praises a skylark by treating it as if it was a spirit. By doing this, Shelley opens a new world of imagery that would only be usable by combining the two elements of a skylark and a spirit. Doing so also helps set an atmosphere that fits with the somewhat surreal and beautiful imagery. In addition to this, multiple other literary devices are utilized throughout the poem. However t he use of i magery, comparison, and structure are all especially prevalent in the first 5 stanzas of the poem. Shelley describes the skylark as a "blithe Spirit," painting an image of a bird that is free to soar the skies ; this emphasis on freedom is the basis for a lot of the imagery in the poem and helps illustrate the skylark further . This is reflected in the second stanza when he says the skylark " springest " from earth "higher and higher," as if there were no limitations to the skylark's flight. This is further expanded upon directly by associating the skylark with heaven, saying that the Skylark is singing "from Heaven, or near it." In other words, the skylark is even free to fly up to the gates of heaven, ignoring the limitations of our sky and quite possibly, even our imagination. Another subject that is prevalent via imagery is the changing of the skies. The skylark is perceived from multiple skies ranging from "sunken sun(s)" to "pale purple even( ings )," this establishes a sort of permanence and activity from the skylark. Furthermore, the "sunken sun" is al so described with "golden lightning" while the moon is described as a "silver sphere" with "arrows." In addition to painting the scenery, this also leads to an important topic within the subject of comparison . There is a clear contrast between the activities of the skylark during the day and during the night, this is hinted at throughout the poem and is the core principle behind the contrasts found throughout the poem . Firstly, the sun is described with "golden lightning," a piece of imagery that can only be viewed in the aspect of color as there is no literal golden lightning around the sunset. In contrast, the moon is sharply described as a "silver sphere" with "arrows," its use of imagery is more literal as the rays of the moon could really be the arrows of the moon in a sense. The imagery around the moon requires no reliance in color , this reflects how the presence of the skylark is more obvious within the night than within the day. This is reaffirmed in the similarities between the skylark and its depiction as something "Like a star of Heaven, / In the broad day-light." With heaven referring to the freedom of the skylark's operation, the star in broad da ylight references how the presence of stars are not easily discerned within the day while they are relatively easy to spot at night. These comparisons with rather humongous figures further allude to the skylark's power and majesty as a spirit. The size of "To a Skylark" is big when compared to other poems , this quality of scale along with other structural aspects further develop the depiction of the skylark and its relations . This poem is composed of 21 stanzas and utilizes a Quintain pattern. The structure this creates is reminiscent of the "profuse strains of unpremeditated art" described in the first stanza. This also likens the skylark to Shelley as, much like how the skylark creates "art" via chirping, Shelley is also capable of creating art in a similar manner as the skylark (a prime example would be the structure of this poem). Another effect of the structure is the distribution of words per stanza. The first 4 lines of the poem is short while the final line is bigger. This can be interpreted as Shelley's view of the skylark, he is set on the long last line while the skylark transcends him. It attests to how the skylark is

Age of innocence close reading essays

Age of innocence close reading essays Hypothesis: Scorceses selection of artwork serves to not only act as a separate narrative that mirrors the development of the themes and characters but also, in some instances, actually foreshadows the fate of the characters. As a Martin Scorsese film, The Age of Innocence, stands apart from the mobster movies typically associated with this acclaimed director. Scorsese uses deliberate camera techniques and subtle mise-en-scene to tell the story visually. These elements all working together assist in the development of the narrative as well as the characters, themes, and ideas, particularly his use of artwork that not only assists the narrative, but occasionally forshadows the fate of the characters. This use of artwork can be found in the extract which involves some of the first scenes of this film. It takes place at the Beauforts ball as the camera tracks Newland Archer through the various drawing rooms pausing occasionally to notice various works of art. The camera movement of this scene is crucial to unlocking the meaning behind the artwork of the Beauforts home. The camera glides to the non-diegetic classical music following Archer from room to room. The camera movement pulls the audience in making them feel like another guest at the party. The perpetual motion of the camera is only broken in a few key areas, pausing and focusing on various pieces of art. By slowing down the camera and pausing, Scorsese is telling the audience to pay close attention to what is in that particular frame before being swept away again with Archer. The first painting the camera stops to admire is a disturbing scene that foreshadows Archers impending emotional death. The colors in the piece, like the film, are very bleak except for Ellen who is represented in the painting by the lady dressed in red. The lady in red is kneeling next to a man dressed in white who moments before was slain in a sword fight. It is logical to ...

How To Create A Compelling Five Paragraph Essay

How To Create A Compelling Five Paragraph Essay How To Create A Compelling Five Paragraph Essay Essays have become increasingly common in a students mandatory curriculum. A student will encounter essays in most classes, but especially in the social sciences. Essays are also essential in the college application process. Basically essays will be a part of student life in your college career. It is important to know the steps to write a basic 5 paragraph essay. This is important when you are taking a timed essay test. Having the knowledge of how to outline will a lot for more time to create the body of the essay. Step one: The first step in creating an effective 5 paragraph essay is to make a compelling opening statement that will grab the readers attention. Avoid just making an intent statement. It would be more interesting to begin your essay with an interesting fact or an attention-grabbing statement. Step two: The second part of your five paragraph essay should be an explanation of your opening statement. This is where you would explain any details about the beginning of your essay. This will be the step that will transition to the thesis of your essay. It is important to have good flow in developing your essay. To have the proper flow, you need to be able to build to naturally flowing into the thesis statement. Step three: The third step in building a quality 5 paragraph essay is to make a clear. And to create an attention-grabbing thesis statement. The thesis statement is a sentence that will declare the purpose of the essay and enlightens the reader as to the particular topic being addressed. The thesis sentence will make your point of view clear to the reader. Be sure that your thesis sentence is direct and explain the topic at hand completely Step four: The fourth element of a five paragraph essay is the body. This is where the majority of your information will be presented to the reader. The information in the body will revolve around your thesis statement. The body of the essay will express evidence to support your thesis statement. This part of the essay should be approximately three paragraphs in length if you are indeed writing a five paragraph essay. Each paragraph should state a fact that reflects your thesis. When you transition from one paragraph to another use words to link them together such as furthermore, as a result, moreover, in fact, etc. Step five: The fifth and final part of your essay is the conclusion. This is the part of the essay that will summarize the facts stated in the essay and will restate the thesis, and its highlights within the essay. This part of the five paragraph essay will revisit the important details in your writing and wrap it up.

Advanced Practice in Community Health Nursing Essay

Advanced Practice in Community Health Nursing - Essay Example This paper shall analyze the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination program being implemented in Singapore in response to the increase of cervical cancer cases. The proposed response to the selected health issue shall then be considered. Finally a proposed action plan to establish the current response to the selected issue close to the ideal best practice response shall be presented. Body Cervical cancer is considered the seventh most popular form of cancer among women in Singapore (National Registry of Diseases, 2008). All of these cases of cervical cancer have been attributed to the Human Papilloma Virus; this virus has also been associated with the development of tumour growths in the vulva, vagina, anus, and the penis. It has also been associated to genital warts (Obstetrical & Gynaecological Society of Singapore, 2011). There are two types of HPV vaccines being used in Singapore, namely, the Gardasil and the Cervarix. Gardasil is used for females aged 9 to 26 years and Cervarix is used for females aged 10 to 25 years (Obstetrical & Gynaecological Society of Singapore, 2011). With these numbers, the importance of setting up a health program to reduce these cases has been considered vital for the global community, and certainly for Singapore. Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination in Singapore Merck was the first who was able to gain approval from the US Food and Drug Administration in the distribution of Gardasil, its first HPV vaccine (Parry, 2007). Since then, it has been approved in other countries and is being distributed worldwide. GlaxoSmith followed Merck’s success by finally gaining approval for its HPV vaccine known as Cervarix. In the meantime, the World Health Organization has been active in its information dissemination about this vaccine and in establishing guidelines for the distribution and use of this vaccine. It has been tested in various parts of the globe, and so far, consistent results have been seen (Parry, 2007). The WHO has also pr ovided all countries seeking to utilize this vaccine with the guidance and technical notes in introducing these vaccines. The WHO acknowledges the importance of educating the governments and health professionals about the vaccine and the virus itself, its risks, and the possible preventive measures which they can apply in order to reduce its impact (Parry, 2007). The benefits of this vaccine have been apparent in relation to HPV 16/18 related pre-cancer lesions; their long-term benefits however have yet to be established. Nevertheless, both vaccines have proven to be generally safe and tolerated without any serious negative events observed (Obstetrical & Gynaecological Society of Singapore, 2011). Minor side-effects observed include pain, swelling, redness at the site of injection. In injections, these are common side-effects which are usually expected and pose no alarming risks and implications. In Singapore, the Ministry of Health is recommending HPV vaccination among females aged 9 and 26 years (Obstetrical & Gynaecological Society of Singapore, 2011). Ideally, it must be given to females who have never had sexual intercourse because it is a vaccine which does not provide protection against already existing HPV infections (Obstetrical & Gynaecological Society of Singapore, 2011). Sexually active women can also be vaccinated, but they must first undergo Papanicolaou Smear tests in order to rule out the presence of the virus or any other neoplastic growths. The efficacy of the HPV vaccine is also expected to be lower among sexually active

Human Resources - Riordan Problem Solution Paper and Defense Essay

Human Resources - Riordan Problem Solution Paper and Defense - Essay Example al analysis and discussion of the human resource management problems in Riordan Manufacturing with a view of proposing the most effective measures of solving the company’s human resource problems and thus enabling it to maintain its competitiveness within the market. The analysis of the current situation at Riordan including stakeholder dilemmas is presented within the paper. An end state vision is also given for the company with identification and analysis of its alternative solution. The paper further recommends the optimal solution and an evaluation of results. Even though performance based compensation strategy may prove advantageous to an organization, there are other social and economic factors which affect the performance of employees which must be considered in compensation them (Dan, Alina and Oana, 2011) Proper employee compensation will prevent loss of valuable employees to business competitors who could be offering higher salaries to their employees. As such adequate compensation plays the role of decreasing employee turnover in significant percentage (Johnson, 2012). It is through redesigning the job structure and specifically defining the roles and obligations of all employees in work activities that the company would utilize the opportunity of implementing the most appropriate job design Organizations are mandated to draft an appropriate job design which will enable employees to identify their job specifications, role and activities. This is because a poor job design leads to a situation where employees are made to perform tasks which they are not skilled or knowledgeable to perform and as a result killing their morale (CÄ ±nar, Bektas and Aslan, 2011) After the analysis of the employee salaries through surveys buy the human resource management team, the results of the surveys must be implemented for an organization to be able to solve any crisis which affects its employees (Khan, Riaz and Rashid, 2011) Riordan has registered declining sales

New Communication Structure Essay Example for Free

New Communication Structure Essay Communication is important in every aspect of our lives. This is also true for the communication used in our professional lives. When at work we â€Å"depend on cooperation with others to accomplish our goals, and communication is the critical human process we use to promote such cooperation.† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 1.1) Understanding communication is the best way to make sure it is being used effectively correctly. When communication is effective then organizational components will run smoother and efficiently. Smoother and effective communication means that an organization has a greater chance of following its mission and achieving its goals. Successful communication can be as important to organizational productivity as any other component used. There are five concepts that are important for successful communication within an organizational setting and this proposal will discuss their necessity in an organization. Culture is something that needs to be recognized and aware of when we are communicating with everyone. It is also important in organizational communication. Organizational culture includes the norms and attitudes of the organization. To support clear and effective communication in an organization the employees must be pay close attention the organizational culture. The process of socialization will also help an employee to adapt to an organization’s culture. The process of socialization is where, â€Å"established members of cultural groups educate others and enforce adherence to established cultural rules or norms for appropriate behavior.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 17) In understanding the norms in an organization communication will be smoother because there will be less chance for misunderstandings. An example of organizational culture would be the style of dress in the office. If an organization is one where the employees dress in suits and formal business wear then an employee who came to work in shorts and a t-shirt would affect  the culture in a negative way. Those communicating with those employees could become uncomforta ble, or distracted. This may result in avoiding communication with this employee and over all communication will breakdown. Avoidance of communication with only one employee is enough to cause a gap in efficiency. The book â€Å"Communications in Organizations† explains, â€Å"Strategic organizational communicators initiate and develop strong, effective, and satisfying relationships with others to promote cooperation and coordination in organizational life.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 15) Understanding the organizational culture also builds trust and respect among employees which in turn brings higher production. Paying attention to organizational culture helps to build the relational communication to support effective communication. Part of an organization’s culture is the forms of communication used. Informal and formal communications are two types of communication that play an important role in an organization. The difference in both forms of communication can be explained as â€Å"Formal patterns of organizational communication follow the power hierarchy within organizations, whereas informal patterns of communication do not necessarily follow along power hierarchy lines† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 1.5) Formal communication is used to address important job related material. Paying close attention when receiving or using formal communication will stop an employee from making a mistake and will also give them the information to be successful. However, when filtering through formal communications such as emails it is important to avoid information overload. Information overload takes place when, â€Å"so many different messages are impinging on a person that the person has difficulty making sense of all the information available.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 174) Scanning email for the most important and relative messages is a skill that is necessary but recognizing formal emails for their importance will ensure that the information involved will be received. In understanding the nuances of informal communication an employee can avoid getting themselves in trouble by offending a supervisor or missing important information. In regards to organizational communication conflict resolution can be the difference in success or failure when working with others to meet company goals. Conflict is inevitable, and happens when people communicate. It can come from assumptions, miscommunications, or one way communication. The good news is conflict can be turned into a positive thing. A quote in  the book, says An Introduction to Leadership, that, â€Å"The most important single ingredient in the formula of success is knowing how to get along with people.† (Weis, 2011, pg 2) Working through conflicts can build better communication skills, as well as trust and understanding. In using conflict resolution steps new and better ideas can be generated for the organizations. A gentleman named Mr. Tim Scudder wrote a book in which he describes five steps to conflict resolution. An interview he gave he made the point that in conflict â€Å"both parties want the same thing.† (Scudder, 2011) He also stressed the importance of anticipating conflict. By anticipating conflict an employee will take time to think, and in thinking they will realize that the person they may have a conflict with wants the same thing. This puts the employee in a positive frame of mind and helps to come to a reasonable solution for both involved. In the article â€Å"How to Deal with Annoying Co-Workers† gives a suggestion to help in dealing with co-workers. It suggests that, â€Å"With most types of annoying co-workers, the solution is simply to be straightforward and assertive.† (Green, 2011) Working through a conflict helps co-workers to come to a better understanding of each other. When people understand and respect each other communication is smoother and more effective. Once again, smoother and effective communication benefits the organization. Formal communication, informal communication, and conflict resolution involve two parties. Each of these communications involves a time where another party receives information. In face to face communication active listening is a technique that will ensure that messages are received correctly and will allow the listener to formulate the best response. Active Listening is not only an important part of conflict resolution but communication as a whole. Active listening means, â€Å"being fully engaged in paying attention to your relational partner’s communication with you. It is not just hearing skills. It involves paying close attention to your partner’s verbal and nonverbal behaviors.† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 4.3) In other words, it’s a way of showing respect for those you are communicating with. It sounds as simple as just listening but it’s not that simple. It takes a conscious effort to begin with before it becomes habit. If you are fully engaged in what your partner is communicating then you will get all of the information being sent. It may also evoke the norm of reciprocity which will have your partner giving you  their full attention. The norm of reciprocity is, â€Å"the urge to act in-kind that often encourages these relational partners to provide you with information and treat you similarly to the way you treat them.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 15) The importance to an organization of its members practicing active listening is participants receive all the information that is coming to them. This means that they have all they would need to know to complete their jobs successfully and meet organizational goals. Organizations have both formal and informal leaders. Formal leaders typically are ‘assigned their positions of authority within the organizational hierarchy and hold titles such as president, vice president, division leader, and manager.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 19) Informal leaders are little harder to define by position or tile but â€Å"emerge with organizational life based on credibility (usually a combination of charisma, dynamism, expertise, and trustworthiness), ability to accomplish complex tasks, and access to relevant information.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 19) Even if you are not a formal leader you can still have influence over others as an informal leader. Informal leaders are not defined by title but by quality of character. Understanding leadership strategies and what being a leader entails helps to motivate workers to meet organizational goals. It is important for organizational leaders be able to communicate in different ways for different situations. There are several different leadership strategies that can be employed for different situations. To understand leadership strategies it’s important to think about how leaders may see those under them. Douglas McGregor used X and Y models of leadership to explain the relationship between leaders and followers. Theory X makes the assumption about workers they do not like work and will do anything to avoid it. This model will make leaders be more directed because they think that is what workers prefer and need. McGregor’s Theory Y assumes that workers do not dislike work and will work hard if they feel the value of their effort. The Theory Y suggests that if workers are given a degree of autonomy and a chance to use their imaginations they will strive to be successful in their tasks. Depending on how leaders see workers can dictate their leadership strategies. One of three helpful leadership styles is the autocratic leadership style. This is a leadership style that would come from a leader who is a believer in Theory X. An autocratic leader â€Å"makes most  organizational decisions without consulting with others. The leader calls all the shots, tells workers what to do and how to do it.† (Kreps, 2011; sec 7.6) This type of leadership style would have little use for upward communication from those who follow. Upward communication is, â€Å"communication that travels up the power hierarchy.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 10) This would be difficult for a leader who believes in Theory X because, â€Å"upward communication enables workers to express their concerns and ideas, to provide and ask for feedback, and seek clarification from managers.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 10) The autocratic leadership style is best suited not for driving workers but in emergency situation where there is little time for collaboration. Organizational participants would appreciate a direct approach in times of pressure. On the opposing side of autocratic leadership is democratic leadership style. When using the democratic leadership style you, â€Å"share responsibility and involve other organizational participants in decision making, although the process for the final decision may vary from the leader having the final say to them facilitating consensus in the group.† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 7.6) This type of leadership style is something that followers respond positively to. It also bolsters the leader’s position because the workers feel a â€Å"buy in† to the process. This is something that Theory Y talks about. The ability of helping the workers feel that their efforts and work are valued, and helping them to see the value. The drawback to this type of style is that it is time consuming, and can lead to conflict if not used correctly and in the right situation. Lastly, there is the laissez-faire leadership style. The laissez-faire leadership style would have the leader, â€Å"share power with workers and delegate decision-making authority to those individuals who are directly involved in the decision-making situations.† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 7.6) This leadership style could be considered an extension of the democratic leadership style. In using this style it is important for a leader to know the capabilities of those under them. The employees under this leader must be experienced and skilled in the tasks that they are being given a degree of control over. This type of leadership style will help a leader delegate those things they have little time for. Delegation is an important skill. In the article â€Å"A Tool Kit for the Real World† it says that, â€Å"Business people don’t get accolades for being smart, but for being effective. That is measured in  things like increased sales, increased earnings and an increased number of licensing agreements. Not, alas, by the fruition of one employee’s great idea.† (Motluk, 2011) However, this should not be used as a way of having others do their work for them. This would be damaging to the leader and certainly the organization in that it can bring a degree of disorganization that would be extremely difficult to correct. The leadership strategies above are mentioned because they show the need for a leader to be able to decipher the right strategy for the right situation. Each has one distinctive way to deal with leading and each has its drawbacks when used outside of its best application. Therefore the situational model of leadership may be the best strategy when it comes to leadership. The situational model of leadership is, â€Å"based on the assumption that there is no right way of leading. Rather, the best leaders adapt to the unique situational constraints to exhibit the appropriate leadership style for the situation.† (Kreps, 2011; sec. 7.6) A leader must be able to analyze situations, those involved, the choices, and the preferred outcome. If it’s an emergency and little time involved then use the autocratic leadership style. When time is available to employ upward communication, and bolster workers self esteem and organizational value a leader should employ democratic leadership style. If a leader is feeling overwhelmed or they are feeling pulled in too many directions, perhaps a laissez-faire leadership style might help to delegate tasks to that can handle them. Understanding leadership strategies helps to use communications with workers that will work best in certain situations. The most important thing about communication in the work place is awareness. As the book â€Å"Communications in Organizations† points out, â€Å"Organizations and the way they communicate play critical roles in our lives.† (Kreps, 2011; pg. 25) The key to effective communication is awareness. All of the five concepts of organizational communication mentioned above have some type of awareness piece built in. Communication is smoothest when those communicating are aware of those they are communicating with, their culture, and their style of communication. Thinking before speaking, anticipating change and conflict, and knowing what actions to take will help a leader communicate effectively with workers. After presenting the five concepts for successful communication within an organizational setting above it is clear to see their necessity for  successful communication. References Kreps, G. (2011). Communications in Organizations. San Diego: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Green, A. (2011, January 6). How to Deal With Annoying Co-Workers. Retrieved from http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/2011/06/06/how-to-deal-with-annoying-co-workers Motluk, A.(2011) A Tool Kit for the Real World. Retrieved from http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn19969-a-tool-kit-for-the-real-world.html?full=true (2011). Tim Scudder Interview. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_E7YVkjJQ0 Weiss, J. (2011). An Introduction to Leadership. San Diego, Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

The Triangle Fire Essay -- History, Industrial Work, Immigration

In an era of a rising unionization, The Triangle Fire, calligraphy written my Leon Stein, describes one of the worst industrial disasters in the nation’s history that ended up killing 146 of the 500 Triangle Shirtwaist Company employees, which happened to be female immigrant workers. These immigrants came to the United States with their families in search for a better life. Instead they found themselves working long hours only to receive low wages along with horrendous working circumstances with very little freedom. This thrilling event happened in New York on the late afternoon of March 25, 1911. The tendentious Max Blank and Isaac Harris owned the top three floors in the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in the Asch Building. Most of the workers were Italian and European Jewish woman immigrants. It was near closing time for the young workers until that calm afternoon quickly turned into a frightening moment for everyone. At this moment people’s lives were flipped upside down forever when the fire broke out on the eighth floor in the Asch Building. To this day, there is no set cause as to why the fire started. All they have is that people heard an explosion that came from the eighth floor followed by bundles of clothes falling from the sky. The people soon noticed that not only were there bundle of clothes falling but those ‘bundles of clothes’ were actually some of the young workers jumping and falling from the window seals. The outburst of the fire was horrible, woman were fal ling through the ceiling while other taking their lives by jumping out the windows. Female workers found themselves in trouble when they tried to open the ninth floor doors to the Washington Place stairs but the doors appeared to be locked. On the other ... ...event the immigrant workers from taking breaks. They also had younger workers at the age of 14/15 by having child labor matching up to the child labor back in the Gilded Age. The Asch building also relates to hundreds of other industrial areas that were treated cruelly and unfairly. Many strikes also happened throughout the gilded age just as the Ladies' Waist and Dress Makers' Union, Local No. 25 of the ILGWU did. An example from the gilded age would be the first labor strike, the railroad strike of 1877, where they refused to work due to cut wages. Hundreds of people died in the railroad strike. Another example is the Haymarket riot, where they demanded an eight-hour workday where this too had hundreds of people die. In peroration, the 19th and 20th century industrial labor was a crucial time in history. Many strikes, deaths, and under paid immigrants occurred.

Performance Management and Executive Compensation Essay

Introduction In the history of modern economies, from the late 1800s to today businesses have faced ethical challenges regarding compensation for executives and its relation to job performance. In response to major economic crises during the 20th century, the United States enacted broad-based legislation measures as attempts to prevent what were seen as ethical challenges and agency conflicts surrounding both performance management and executive compensation. To understand the current issues facing businesses and regulators, it is important to look at three of most significant legislative acts Congress has passed. The Securities Exchange Acts of 1933 and 1934, as well as the Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 represent legislative interventions regarding corporate financial accounting toward the goal of curtailing the ethical challenges and the conflict of agency problems that can arise from performance management and executive compensation. Yet even after these laws were enacted, ethical conflicts can and still do arise when it comes to the compensation for employers and executives. Securities Act of 1933 The Securities Act of 1933 was born in response to the stock market crash of 1929. Just as it was then, companies who issue securities to raise money for funding new investments or to expand operations have an inherent incentive to present their company and its plans in the rosiest light possible to investors (Sarkar, 2013). The Securities Act of 1933 serves the dual purpose of ensuring that issuers of securities to the public disclose material information to investors as well as ensuring that any securities transactions are not based on fraudulent information or practices (Sarkar, 2013). The Securities Act of 1933 affects public disclosures through a mandatory registration process for sellers and brokers and applies to the sale or trade of any regulated security type (Sarkar, 2013). Securities Act of 1934 (a.k.a. the Exchange Act) The Exchange Act primarily regulates transactions of securities that take place after its initial offering by a company (Sarkar, 2013). These transactions often take place between parties other than the issuer, such as through trades that retail investors execute via brokerage firms (Sarkar, 2013). The biggest effect of The Exchange Act was the creation of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), a federal agency responsible for regulating the securities markets (Sarkar, 2013). Since 1934, the SEC has taken on the role of mitigating fraud, abuse, and other ethical issues in the financial reporting of publicly traded entities. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002 was the most significant legislation passed since the 1930s and came in the aftermath of the corporate scandals at companies such as Enron, WorldCom, and Arthur Andersen (Amadeo, 2013). Sarbanes-Oxley created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), a new organization whose purpose is to help oversee the accounting industry (Amadeo, 2013). To prevent the sort of conflicts of interest that had led to the Enron fraud, SOX established new prohibitions for auditors when engaging in consultation work for their auditing clients. It also banned company loans to executives and gave increased job protections to whistleblowers (Amadeo, 2013). Performance Management and Executive Compensation Even after the passing of the Securities and Exchanges Acts of 1933 and 1934 and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, there are reasons to be concerned about ethical violations in financial accounting. Two areas where there still exist possibilities for unethical activity which could harm the supply of reliable information to investors are the performance management within a company and the compensation packages of executives. Current Ethical Challenges When evaluating situations to support ethical decision-making, one must first identify the ethical problems as they arise (Eldenburg, 2005). Performance measurements are most often measured in terms of time or financial figures – â€Å"how long† or â€Å"how much.† When selecting a new CEO, the board of directors is required to offer a financial package that is both lucrative enough to attract the most qualified individual and yet also appears fair to other ranking executives of the company. Such financial packages need to be approved by the major shareholders when the salary will impact the company’s financial reports. During an economic recession, firms may significantly downsize their workforce as well as benefits and labor rates employees receive, yet often find themselves contractually obligated to hand-out large bonuses and increasing salaries for their executives. This is potentially a major ethical issue for a company and its executives, with the fibers of the company being reduced while executives are earning more and more – even though the firm is struggling. â€Å"CEOs at the country’s 200 largest companies earned an average of 20 percent more last year than in 2009, according to recent corporate filings. By comparison, average pay for workers in the private sector rose just 2.1 percent last year—nearly the smallest increase in decades† (Harkinson, 2011). It is also not unheard of for CEOs to be forced to step down while still receiving their lucrative compensation packages only to also be given a generous â€Å"golden parachute† as they leave. Excesses like this can have detrimental effects on employee morale as the majority of the company often consists of those earning the least. Boards of directors should take into consideration the financial standing of the firm before they offer an over-the-top compensation package to a CEO. As an illustration of the contrary, Steve Jobs volunteered to work at Apple for a salary of only $1 per year: â€Å"A regulatory filing shows Apple CEO Steve Jobs’ compensation package remained the usual $1 in fiscal 2010†¦ as is customary, Jobs got no bonus or perk† (â€Å"Steve Jobs,† n.d.). In terms of ethical challenges and executive compensation, Jobs proved by his example that it is possible to put the company first – even if that meant earning a salary of $1. CEOs do not often have to settle for such low salaries to show leadership and camaraderie; however, accepting less exorbitant amounts can help avoid accusations of greed and impropriety altogether. Current Agency Issues â€Å"Principals hire agents to make decisions for them and to act in their behalf† (Eldenburg, & Wolcott, 2005, pp. 591). Often, agents may go on to hire agents of their own, delegating authority and establishing sub-units known as responsibility centers which can decentralize decision-making and accountability. A particularly special case of the principal-agent relationship involves the executives of companies who are effectively agents of the shareholders selected to run the company. â€Å"Four common types of responsibility centers are cost centers, revenue centers, profit centers, and investment centers.† (Eldenburg & Wolcott, 2005, pp. 595) Those agents who possess decision-making authority over a responsibility center use demographic financial data provided by the accountants for budgets and reviews of sales, profits/losses, value appraisals, and costs. Accountant and audit provided information is used to evaluate and measure performance, monitor the effectiveness of managers, reward performance, and influence decisions. (Eldenburg & Wolcot, 2005) The audit information accountants prepare and present is vital to the principal/agent relationship and performance measurement, but also has its costs. The primary challenge presented by the principal/agent relationship concerns the high level of pressure to perform that an agent can experience in the form of the agent’s compensation. Money, as well as other forms of compensation such as bonuses and stock options, increased authority, and ownership expectations are direct motivators of challenges to the ethical foundation of agent performance. When principals evaluate the performance of agents, their decisions are likely to be based on the same accounting information their agents also used. This common use provides a potential incentive for an agent to alter, falsify, or otherwise misrepresent certain data that principals receive. As decision-making authority is granted from a principle to an agent, the agent’s performance is evaluated to some degree from each authority level. Evaluating the effectiveness of the decisions made in each agency level or responsibility center is the core of measuring, monitoring, and motivating performance. Poor performance leads to a loss of decision-making authority, responsibilities, compensation, and other benefits within the entire principal-agent structure. Conversely, outstanding performance has the opposite effect and benefits everyone up the principal-agent ladder. Conclusion The Securities Exchange Acts of 1933 and 1934 are essential because of their transparency as spelled out in their objectives, and for providing prospective investors detailed information about investment decisions. Their main purpose was to protect shareholders from misrepresentation and scam in the selling of security. The Acts mandated that securities sold to the public within the United States of America must be listed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Later, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was established to make sure that CFOs and CEOs authenticate and approve the financial reporting of their companies. Despite these monumental pieces of regulation, which resulted in the creation of two separate oversight agencies, there are still situations susceptible to ethical challenges and agency issues; particularly concerning performance management and executive compensation. References Amadeo, K; 2013. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Retrieved from http://useconomy.about.com/od/themarkets/p/sarbanes-oxley.htm Eldenburg, L. & Wolcott, S. (2005). Cost management: Measuring, monitoring, and motivating performance, (1st ed). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Harkinson, J. (2011). America’s 10 Most Overpaid CEOs. Retrieved from http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/04/10-most-ridiculously-overpaid-ceos McConnell, C., & Brue, S. (2005). Economics: principles, problems and policies (16th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Sarkar, D; 2013. Securities Act. Retrieved from http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/securities_act_of_1933 Steve Jobs again earned $1 for work. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.timesleader.com/stories/Steve-Jobs-again-earned-1-for-work-at-A,115771

The Relationship between Medical Technology

It Is Important to study biochemistry if you want to be a medical technologist, because it is a basic knowledge required in a clinical practice. It is an Important building block if you are going to study medicine. Biochemistry discusses the chemistry of various body portion Like the blood, urine or any other fluids, since medical technologists analyze those to determine a disease.Biochemistry will help medical technologists understand physiological disorders and diseases. In geochemistry we study about the cell It's parts, functions and chemical reactions, a medical technologists should understand the cell because It Is the cell, which Is being observed whenever someone Is trying to figure out what Is wrong with his or her health.There Is what we call the â€Å"CB† or complete blood count this Is an evaluation of the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, If you know nothing about cells it will be impossible for you to figure out what is doing okay and what is not, if there is a difference or if something is wrong, if you don't know about all the acacias then you can not perform your job as a medical technologists well.There are many other test associated with the cell so it is important to know about basic properties first before moving into much advance subjects so that you will have a guide or you can prepare yourself or at least you already have an idea on what you will do. Also we study about carbohydrates, learning and understanding carbohydrates is essential so one medical technologists can monitor your blood's glucose level, to know if you have diabetes or not. Because high level of glucose is usually a sign of diabetes.Proteins is also one of the lessons being taught in biochemistry Protein builds, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body. The right amount of protein is important in our diets, for growth and repair, and also protein is a important building block in the body. Proteins can be antibodies, hormonal, enzymes and c ontractile proteins, so that is why I think it is a must that medical technologist know about it because it provides structural support and it is a defense against germs and infections.Lipids is also being discussed, it is important o medical technology because it is the bulk of a living matter is made up of lipids, Lipids carry fat soluble vitamins and form special bimolecular. Lipid imbalance can lead to serious diseases like obesity and atherosclerosis. Break down of fatty acid produce energy, excessive breakdown cause ketosis, acidosis's, coma and death. And It Is the Job of a medical technologist to figure this out before things become worst. Biochemistry talks about nucleic acids about DNA and RNA and etc. Tests of DNA and RNA can be used to find most of the conversions found by cytokine tests. They can also find some conversions or change Involving parts of chromosomes too small to be seen under a microscope with usual cytokine testing. This type of advanced testing can help classify some leukemia and, less often, some sarcomas and carcinomas. These tests are also useful after treatment to find small numbers of remaining leukemia cancer cells that may be missed under a fluids because Medical technologists are known to perform and analyze the results of complex scientific tests on blood and bodily fluids.One of the MAJOR subject a tech student would encounter is homology and I like to believe that biochemistry will serve as a guide for us to be prepared and have basic idea about that subject. When something is wrong with your blood, it can affect your total health. That is why it is important for a certain mediate to know or analyze so he/ she can deliver test results to a doctor or patient. And of course there is urine, urinalysis have, for hundreds of years, been one of the ways physicians have looked at health, studying urine might not be the best thing to do but it will all be worth it in the end.One should be accurate and analyze things well and I t hink everything will Just be fine. I know there is a lot more because after doing this I concluded that maybe biochemistry is one of medical technologies bestrides because they are so much alike and it comes hand in hand. After doing this essay I realized that biochemistry is not Just something you should be â€Å"easy easy' with because it will play a major role in those major subjects that doesn't sound easy, I'm glad this serves as an eye opener for me to do my best, listen and study really well.

Edad en peticiones de green card y otras solicitudes

Edad en peticiones de green card y otras solicitudes En Estados Unidos la edad juega un papel fundamental en peticiones de la tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida como green card, y otros beneficios migratorios como el asilo, programas humanitarios, loterà ­a de visas, etc. La edad determina quià ©n puede pedir ciertos beneficios migratorios para familiares, y tambià ©n quià ©n puede recibirlos, por derecho propio o porque puede ser incluido en la peticià ³n de su padre o madre. Cabe destacar que desde el punto de vista de las leyes migratoria y en contra de lo que a menudo se piensa, un menor –a quien se denomina child– no es la persona que no ha cumplido  la mayorà ­a de edad. Por el contrario, un nià ±o para Inmigracià ³n puede ser una persona menor de 16 aà ±os, de 18 o de 21, dependiendo del tipo de peticià ³n. En todos los casos, el menor debe permanecer soltero para mantener la consideracià ³n de menor. Casos en los que la edad afecta a la peticià ³n de la green card por familia La edad juega un papel en las peticiones de la green card, pero solo en determinados supuestos, destacando: Peticià ³n de ciudadano estadounidense a hijo/a Los ciudadanos pueden pedir la tarjeta de residencia para sus hijos. Se distinguen tres situaciones, segà ºn la edad y estado civil de los mismos. Hijos soltero menor de 21 aà ±osHijos soltero mayor de 21 aà ±osHijo casado de cualquier edad Solo los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os son considerados como familiares inmediatos del ciudadano. Esa categorà ­a especial posibilita que ese menor pueda adquirir la green card por peticià ³n del padre o madre en aproximadamente 12 -18 meses. Si desde la peticià ³n de la green card y su aprobacià ³n el hijo cumple los 21 aà ±os de edad todavà ­a puede optar a obtener los papeles en esa categorà ­a porque se considera que su edad se ha congelado en el momento de presentacià ³n de la solicitud. Por el contrario, las otras dos categorà ­as reciben respectivamente el nombre de F1 y F3 y son peticiones que tardan aà ±os en resolverse. El boletà ­n de visas es documento a consultar para orientarse sobre el tiempo de demora. Por otro lado, en las peticiones de un hijo en la categorà ­a F1 o F3 se puede incluir a los hijos de tales hijos, siempre y cuando permanezcan solteros y tengan menos de 21 aà ±os en el momento de aprobarse su visa de inmigrante. Si en el momento de la tramitacià ³n final esos hijos han cumplido ya los 21 aà ±os de edad no podrn obtener la green card de esta manera. Se les considera lo que en inglà ©s se conoce como age out. Es decir, la edad los ha dejado fuera. No importa que la peticià ³n se hubiera presentado cuando eran unos nià ±os pequeà ±os. Peticià ³n de ciudadano para sus hijastros Aplican las mismas condiciones que para las peticiones de hijos biolà ³gicos, tal y como se han explicado en el apartado anterior, pero con un requisito ms: el matrimonio entre el ciudadano y padre o madre del muchacho/a para el que se desea pedir los papeles tiene que haberse celebrado antes de que dicho muchacho hubiera cumplido los 18 aà ±os de edad. Visa de inmigrante K-2 para hijos de prometido/a de ciudadano estadounidense Los ciudadanos pueden solicitar una visa K-2 para los hijos de sus novios siempre y cuando dichos hijos està ©n solteros y tengan menos de 21 aà ±os cumplidos. Peticià ³n de residente permanente para hijo/a Los residentes permanente pueden solicitar a sus hijos solteros. Los menores de 21 aà ±os caen en la categorà ­a que se conoce F2A y los mayores de dicha edad son considerados como F2B. La primera peticià ³n tarda menos aà ±os que la segunda. Los residentes permanentes no pueden pedir a hijos casados, sin que importe la edad. Excepciones a la regla general de edad en peticiones de green card La Ley de Proteccià ³n del Estatus del Menor (CSPA, ver el texto completo en inglà ©s) entrà ³ en vigor en 2002 y permite que ciertas personas para las que ya se ha pedido una green card antes de cumplir los 21 aà ±os y que cumplen dicha edad antes de finalizarse la tramitacià ³n sigan siendo consideradas como nià ±os (child) hasta la finalizacià ³n de la misma. Estos son los tres casos: Si un ciudadano americano pide a un hijo/a soltero menor de 21 aà ±os En este caso, la edad del hijo se congela en la fecha en la que se ha presentado ante el USCIS la forma I-130. Por ejemplo, si el hijo tiene 20 aà ±os y nueve meses y su visa est disponible cuando ya tiene 22, se le sigue considerando a estos efectos como menor de 21 aà ±os. Si un residente permanente legal pide a un hijo/a En este caso la edad del muchacho se congela si el padre o la madre que es residente se convierte en ciudadano por naturalizacià ³n antes de que el hijo alcance los 21. En estos casos se considera como edad del chico la que tenà ­a en la fecha de la jura del progenitor como ciudadano americano. Generalmente, eso beneficia al pedido que podrà ­a obtener antes la green card. Sin embargo, eso no siempre ocurre asà ­, y se tiene que verificar si es ms rpido para el hijo seguir siendo un F2B o pasar a la categorà ­a de F1, para hijos solteros de ciudadanos. Si es ms conveniente lo primero,  comunicrselo por carta al USCIS,  diciendo que se opta por seguir en la categorà ­a de hijo de residente. Por à ºltimo recordar que tanto en el caso de peticià ³n de residente convertido en ciudadano o de ciudadano que pidià ³ a su hijo, se tiene un aà ±o para proseguir los trmites para adquirir la green card mediante la presentacià ³n del formulario que le corresponda: I-824, Accià ³n sobre una aplicacià ³n o peticià ³n aprobada.I-485, Ajuste de estatus, si est ya viviendo en Estados Unidos.DS-230, Aplicacià ³n por una visa de inmigrante, que debe tramitarse en la oficina consular que corresponda. En otras palabras, se debe proceder con los trmites sin demora porque hay que recordar que no es suficiente con tener aprobado el I-130. Refugiados y casos de asilo Los refugiados y asilados pueden pedir una green card para sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Se entiende que cumplen con este requisito si esa era su situacià ³n en el momento en el que uno de los progenitores presentà ³ el formulario I-589, Aplicacià ³n para asilo o el I-590, Registro como refugiado. La edad en peticiones de green card por razones diferentes a familia La edad tambià ©n afecta a casos de peticiones de green card por razones diferentes a familia, como por ejemplo, la loterà ­a, asilo,  patrocinio de empresa, inversià ³n, etc.  En estos casos, el beneficiario podr incluir en su misma solicitud a su cà ³nyuge y a sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Por ejemplo, Anà ­bal Là ³pez est casado y tiene dos hijos, uno de 19 aà ±os y el otro de 21. Y gana la loterà ­a de visas de la diversidad. Anà ­bal podr emigrar a Estados Unidos junto con su esposa y su hijo de 19 aà ±os, cada uno con su propia green card. Sin embargo, el hijo de 21 aà ±os no obtiene los papeles. La solucià ³n en estos casos es que Anà ­bal o su esposa, una vez en Estados Unidos, puedan iniciar los trmites como residentes para pedir a un hijo soltero mayor de 21 aà ±os.   Edad y el Estatus de Inmigrantes Especiales Juveniles Este programa, conocido como SIJS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s, permite obtener la tarjeta de residencia a los muchachos indocumentados presentes en EE.UU. y que han sido abusados, abandonados o tratados con negligencia por sus padres y cuyo mejor interà ©s sea permanecer en los Estados Unidos. La edad para beneficiarse de este programa es 18 o 21 aà ±os, dependiendo del estado en el que el muchacho reside. Edad y DACA En el programa especial para jà ³venes indocumentados conocido como DACA, los beneficiados deben cumplir, entre otros requisitos, el de haber llegado a EE.UU. antes de haber cumplido los 16 aà ±os de edad. Tampoco podà ­an tener ms de 30 en el momento en que aplicaron. La edad del ciudadano para pedir papeles Los ciudadanos estadounidenses pueden solicitar la green card para sus padres y hermanos, pero para presentar la solicitud deben haber cumplido los 21 aà ±os de edad.   Si estn casados sà ­ pueden pedir a su cà ³nyuge, porque el matrimonio los ha convertido en adultos a los ojos de Inmigracià ³n. Ciudadanà ­a estadounidense y edad La edad tambià ©n puede afectar a la ciudadanà ­a en diversas situaciones. Asà ­, para adquirirla por derecho de sangre es necesario cumplir todos los requisitos antes de cumplir los 18 aà ±os. Por otra parte, los residentes permanentes legales menores de 18 aà ±os pueden adquirir automticamente la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense cuando uno de sus padres se convierte en ciudadano por naturalizacià ³n. Tambià ©n se puede adquirir por adopcià ³n y, en casos excepcionales, por naturalizacià ³n por derecho derivado de un abuelo. Cà ³mo afecta la edad en las visas no inmigrantes Muchas de las visas no inmigrantes, como por ejemplo la de estudiante, intercambio o temporales de trabajo  permiten a su titular traer a su familia a Estados Unidos por el tiempo que dure su estancia.   En estos casos las familias gozan de lo que se conoce como visas derivadas, ya que dependen de la del principal. Y en estos casos por familia hay que entender el cà ³nyuge y los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Por ejemplo, Carmen Vega es enviada por su empresa a Estados Unidos con una visa L-1 de transfer y le acompaà ±an su esposo y sus hijos menores de 21 aà ±os. Todos estos con una L-2. Pero durante la estancia el hijo mayor cumple los 21. Como ya no puede disfrutar de una visa derivada tiene que salir de Estados Unidos o quedarse pero con una visa de la que es su propio titular. Por ejemplo, una F-1 porque est estudiando en la universidad. Test de respuestas mà ºltiples sobre la green card Finalmente, para todos los lectores interesados en la tarjeta de residencia, este test brinda una oportunidad sencilla de informarse sobre aspectos fundamentales para sacar la green card y conservarla sin problemas. Puntos Clave: edad en peticiones y beneficios migratorios Peticiones de ciudadano para hijo: menor de 21 es familiar inmediato, mayor de 21 y soltero es F1 y casado de cualquier edad F3.Peticiones de ciudadano a hijastro: matrimonio de ciudadano y padre/madre de hijastro debe haberse celebrado antes de que el hijo/a hubiera cumplido los 18 aà ±os de edad.Peticiones de visa K-2 para hijos de novio/a de ciudadano: solteros menores de 21 aà ±os.Peticiones de residente para hijos solteros: menos de 21 aà ±os es un F2A, 21 o ms e u n F2B.Transmisià ³n de ciudadanà ­a americana por derecho de sangre: todos los requisitos deben cumplirse antes de haber cumplido los 18 aà ±os de edad.Visas de inmigrante o no inmigrante derivadas: se puede incluir a los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os.Asilo: pueden adquirir la green card los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os de la persona que obtiene el asilo.Estatus Especial de Inmigrante Juvenil: pueden adquirir los papeles si son menores de 18 o de 21, depende del estado de residencia.Peticià ³n de ciudadano de green card para padres o hermanos: tiene que haber cumplido 21 aà ±os de edad. Este artà ­culo tiene un fin meramente informativo. No es ayuda legal.

Building a Wireless Sensor Network Essay Example for Free (#6)

Building a Wireless Sensor Network Essay 1.0 Introduction In the previous era, the technology application mostly using wire but now a wireless device has become common place. The definition of wireless sensor network is an application that having no wires connection on that devices. In addition, to make the system easy to monitor from a distant location, the RF 433MHz module was used. So, this project gave rise to the idea for studying details about the RF 433MHz module performance for WSN application. 1.1 Project Background Nowadays, using the wireless sensor network (WSN) technology to monitor the environment helps someone to solve the problems of deployment difficulty, high cost, and realized unmanned monitoring which is mostly used in factory, buildings, laboratory and house. This project is to study the range and performance of the RF 433MHz module for WSN application. RF 433MHz module are popular used in remote control system. This range also available to use in this area. There are two types of the RF module which is transmitter and receiver. From research, using RF 433MHz module, the data can get more accurately without any data losses with the range that given than compared to other transmission for wireless sensor network. The range that can reach by this RF module is different between outside and inside area. For inside area, it can work for 50 meters through multiple walls with an antenna, while for the outside area, it will be able for hundreds of meters. Besides that, a microcontroller such as Arduino also used in this project. Arduino that available for this project is Arduino PRO which is it has 3.3V port that will be easier to connect directly to the types of RF 433MHz module that used in this project. This project also will be studied the analysis of the data transmission by giving a few of distance between the transmitter and receiver of the RF 433MHz modules when located in the obstacles or line of sight area. Then, the data that are received will be displayed on the computer whether there are data losses or not. 1.2 Problem Statement The problem that becoming as issues right now is there is a lot of ways to send data but the problem is about the range, cost, and data losses. So, for this situation, study the performance of RF 433MHz can overcome the problem for the WSN application. The objectives of this project are to understand the range and performance of RF 433MHz module. Moreover, exploration about the transmitting and receiving the data by using the RF 433MHz module. 1.4 Work Scope The main work scope of this project is to make sure this project will achieve the objectives. The main focus of this project:- i. To study and understanding the range of RF 433MHz module. ii. To transfer data by using RF 433MHz module. 1.5 Methodology In this project, there are three main parts. For the first part, it will be focused on the conducting the literature review and do some research more detail about the RF 433MHz module. Meanwhile, for the second part, after the software development process, the hardware development process will take over and include the testing of the project. Last part, when the hardware and software complete their part, it will be followed by testing the performance and the operation of the project to make an analysis. 1.6 Report Structure This part will explain all the flow for completing this report and project. In this report, there are five chapters. Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter will introduce the background of the project, state the problems, clear about the objectives, scope of work, planned the methodology and structure of report to make it organized. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter will be explained more details about all the research that have been done. Then, the summarization for the project also will be attached to this chapter to make it clear. Chapter 3: Methodology The methodology is the procedures or steps when doing this project. The simulation, analysis, and evaluation of the project will be discussed in this chapter. This method is important because from here the flow of the process for the project will be updated. Chapter 4: Expected Results The expected results in the software or hardware will be stated in this chapter. The comparisons and improvements of this project will be described here. Analysis of the results also will be discussed here. Chapter 5: Conclusion In this chapter, to make a conclusion for all the summary of this project was collected in each part can be discussed in the conclusion. Building a Wireless Sensor Network. (2018, Apr 18). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

The Safety net and layoff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Safety net and layoff - Essay Example Well, there are two economic perspectives on this issue. The first perspective argues that by increasing the support for people without jobs those with low incomes will decrease their incentive to find jobs. Others argue that more generous the government is the more incentive for the unemployment to find jobs. Government has become more generous with social safety net in many ways. A bonus was added to unemployment checks, people were offered subsidies to pay for their health insurance, food-stamp benefit levels were increased, and were available in situations in which they were formerly unavailable and states were granted waivers from program work requirements. This perspective is in line with the Keynesian school of thought which is based on the concept that in order for an economy to grow and be stable, extreme government intervention is required. This will make people have less motivation to find a job, and will shift the aggregate supply of labour to the left as shown in the diagram below. The advantages of unemployment benefits affect everyone. Benefits help individuals and family to have the necessities to live and help them throughout periods of unemployment. The unemployment benefit will result in an increase in consumption and that affect the general economy shifting the AD to the right as shown in the diagram below. The disadvantages of benefits are for business and the society as whole. As unemployment increase, government will need to give more unemployment benefits, and the government get the money for increasing taxes and/or reallocating their spending from one sector to another. Thus businesses and society will not be in favor of the unemployment benefits. While economists seek to find whether or not the government should be generous with social safety net and what is the effect of that on unemployment job seeking they often fail to notice the effect of the safety net on the